• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A non-woven cellulose ester fibrous filter sheet material comprising cellulose ester staple fibers and cellulose ester fibrels which exhibits improved filtration properties and the method of its preparation.
    公开号:SU860678A3
    申请号:SU772534605
    申请日:1977-10-06
    公开日:1981-08-30
    发明作者:Герберт Кейт Чарльз；Оувен Такер Ричард
    申请人:Силаниз Корпорейшн (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the food industry, in particular to tobacco products, and is intended to filter tobacco smoke in order to remove harmful components of its tobacco smoke, in particular tar and nicotine, as well as to use as a filtrate for a surgeon's mask. A filter, predominantly for tobacco products, is known, consisting of a fibrous ester of cellulose material, a ClT series. However, the known filter does not provide sufficient smoke filtration efficiency. The purpose of the invention is to increase the filtration efficiency of smoke. This goal is achieved by the fact that the filter consisting of cellulose ether fibrous material additionally contains 65-95% staple cellulose ether fibers, while the surface area e (1 microcellular fiber material is 5-25, and the amount is 5-35%. And the cellulose ether fiber material is selected from the group containing a cellulose acetate acetate, cellulose triacet, cellulose bitrate cellulose, cellulose benzoate or mixtures thereof. In addition, the filter consists of 10-25% cellulose ether cellulose and 7590% cellulose ester staple The thickness of the staple fiber thread is 1-8 denier, and its length is 3.2-16 mm. In addition, the surface area of the cellulose ether fibers is 1225 MVr, diameter is 0.5-50 microns, and length is 1- 500 μm In addition, the cellulose ether and cellulose ether staple fibers are arranged so that they form a sheet, the weight per square meter of which equals 20-40 g .. Fig. 1 shows a device for the production of cellulose ether material used in the filter; in fig. 2 is a flow chart of the process for obtaining a leaf-like structure; in fig. 3 shows a device for wrinkling a sheet-like material and giving it a cylindrical shape of a filter in a vertical projection; in fig. 4 - a photograph of the ether-cellulose fibrous material enlarged 600 times; in fig. 5 - photograph of a sheet-like material enlarged 100 times.
    The filter, predominantly for tobacco products, consisting of a fibrous ester cellulose material additionally contains 65-95% staple cellulose ester cellulose ester, the surface area of the estercellulose fiber (the second material is 5-25 MVr, and the amount is 5-35% and they are arranged in such a way that form a sheet, the weight of a square meter, which is equal to 20-40 g. The ether cellulose fibers are selected from the group of substances containing cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, biturata acetate cellulose, benzoatcell cellulose or mixtures thereof. The thickness of the staple yarn The first fiber is 1-8 denier, and the length is 3.2-16 mm. The surface area of the ether-cellulose fibers is 12-25, 0.5-50 mm, and 1500 microns.
    High-fiber acetate fibers are produced by supplying cellulose acetate dissolved in acetone or acetic acid using a pump through a capillary needle (Fig. 1) located in the throat of the venturi through which the coagulating fluid passes, usually hot or cold water. The high flow rate of water at the throat area serves to dilute the thick flow from the needle and extract the added solvent, resulting in the formation of cellulose ether fibrous material (fibret). four). Changing the solvent concentration, the flow rate of water, the temperature of the water, or adding other solvents to the flow of water, regulate the size, degree of fiber, and the length of the fibret.
    According to the technological scheme (Fig. 2), the fibrete sludge is fed from the fibreta tank 1 through the beater 2 to the storage tank 3, where the staple fiber slurry from the tank 4 is added to the staple fiber sludge. In mixer 5, the resulting liquid mass is mixed in order to obtain an even distribution of solid particles. Here the required amount of fluid is regulated. From the blender, the mass is transferred to the head section 6 of the installation 7 of Fourdrinier, which has a water layer. Next, the product passes through the dryer 8 and then is fed to the drum 9.
    The result is a sheet-shaped material (Fig. 5), which is fed to further processing using the device shown in Fig. 3. By means of the supporting drum 10, sheet-like fabric 11, cut into strips of appropriate width, is compressed into compression using two, operated from the drive, wrinkling coils 12, arranged
    in such a way that the sheets form, with folds and recesses, as well as incomplete breaks in the longitudinal directions relative to the movement of the fabric 11. The fixed filters 13 are installed, somewhat lower relative to the moving sheet, in order to trap the pieces of fabric that are formed on both coils. Then, the wrinkled leaf-like material passes the last shaft 14, and at the entrance of the socket 15 of the installation, which produces a filter folded in the form of cores, from this material. This also comes wrapping paper strip 16, supported by shaft 17. assembled in the transverse
    In the direction with longitudinal assemblies, a sheet-like material rolled up in the form of a cylinder appears from the socket 15. The rising edge 18 of the cylinder is supplied with glue using
    0 switchgear 19. Next, the glued cylinder passes through a heated pressing device 20 and a filter in the form of a cylindrical rod 21 is formed, which
    „In a known manner can be cut into filters of the required length.
    PRI me R 1. In order to prepare the fibret by the twisting method, which is then used for the manufacture of the sheet-like material which is the subject of the present invention, a paste comprising 7.5% of solid particles and a fibrous type of cellulose acetate having acetyl my number is about 55, namely, pass-. she has the following composition, weight ..; Flake cellulose acetate 90.5 Acetone1080
    Water 120.0
    Acetone and water are mixed first, 0 and then acetate flakes are added. The mixture is shaken gently until the acetate, cellulose is completely dissolved. Then, 20% by weight of the indicator material, calculated on the weight of solids in the paste, is added using the device, the paste is placed in a collapsible tank, and then pumped by means of a gear pump through a pipeline into the hollow Q shaft passing through a six-inch rotating coupling ( 15 cm) of a hollow disk that rotates at a speed of 2900 rpm (the circumferential cKOpocib is 1390 m / min). The disk is immersed in a bath 5 for sedimentation of a paste which consists of water heated to a temperature of from 75 to 85 ° C. the rotating disk has three holes with a diameter of 0.014 inches (0.035 cm) along its peripheral surface. The disk rotates inside the annular wall or ring, which is located around the disk about 3/16 inch (0.45 cm) from the peripheral surface. Water is maintained at a temperature of from 75 to 85 ° C and is injected into the sedimentation tank; it passes through an intermediate hole between the peripheral surface of the disk and the wall at a speed of 6.7 l / min. Short, stratified air fibers are formed during the rapid precipitation of cellulose acetate, with a strong shearing effect and a high pull, which act on the paste flow coming out of the holes for crushing. Next, the material is raised to the surface of the precipitation bath and drained onto a collecting screen, where part of the water and acetone are separated from the fibrous material. Then, the collected material is boiled for about 20 minutes under a pressure of 1.055 kg / cm, in order to remove residual solvent and fix the air structure. The fibrous material is then re-dispersed in water and fed to a homo gensetizer of the type of Gaulin 15 M (Gaul in in which the length of the fibret under pressure of 211 kg / cm is reduced to 500 microns or less. Then, the fibrous material is filtered by suction to form a briquette containing about 12 wt.% cellulose acetate fibret and 88 wt.% water. Fibret after it is removed from the precipitation bath has a relatively soft structure and relatively short length of fibers. After the homogenization and heat treatment stage is m soft, but rather rigid; in addition, it swells somewhat and acquires an air structure. Generally, fibret has an unequal shape, with its length varying from 1 to about 500 microns, and the diameter from less than 1 to about 50 microns. Fibret and a 1.4 inch staple with a fiber equivalent of 1.8, 3.0, and 8.0 (cross section view Y) are converted into a sheet-like material using a laboratory apparatus for producing nonwoven sheet-like material. Next, the fibret is dispersed at a concentration of 0.5% into the Waring mixer, and the resulting slurry is then dispersed in 846 liters, containing 227 g of staple fibers. This sludge is injected onto a brass sieve with a number of holes per inch 60x40 (one see 30x20), which moves at a speed of 168 cm / m. To remove water, a vacuum of 20-25 cm Hg is used, and then the sheet is fed onto a felt tape and finally, in two steam drying cans containing steam under pressure of 9 kg and 13.5 kg, respectively. As a result, sheets with a width of 30 cm and a thickness of 0.0037 to 0.0038 inches (0.009 to 0.0093 cm) and possessing the properties presented are obtained. in tab. 1. From these sheets, strips are cut in width, which are indicated below, and are passed through heated shrinkable shafts containing 25 teeth per inch (10 teeth per 1 cm) with a surface temperature of approximately 120 centigrade. Shriveled strips are collected in a bundle and wrapped in paper in order to obtain a cylindrical filter with a length of 80 mm and 25 mm around the circumference. These cylindrical filters are cut into filters with a length of 20 mm, which are then joined to columns of tobacco with a length of 65 mm to measure filtration rates (% of substance removed by the filter) for various specific substances (SRE), nicotine alkaloids (NRE) and tar. The results are shown in Table. 2. Sheets containing fibers with a lower denier per fiber are preferable for several reasons. Fibret retention is improved during processing at the papermaking installation, and the process of producing a wrinkled sheet is also facilitated. Such indicators as the pressure drop in the filter, as well as its weight, and in the case when the fiber has a day value of 1.8, the filtration rates improve significantly. EXAMPLE 2. To prepare the fibret using the spinning jet method used to make the filter material, the paste composition from Example 1 is used again. Using a jet and a cap for the spray unit, the paste is placed in a collapsible tank and then injected through a center hole for extrusion with a diameter of 0.40 inches (0.6 cm) at a speed of 420 g / min. The water, by means of which sedimentation and dilution is carried out, having a temperature of from 60 to 65 °, is pumped through three holes, which are located around the extrusion hole, at a speed of 9 to 10 liters / min under a pressure of 12.6 kg / cm. The mixture of water and paste passes through a 0.275 cm hole, located at a distance of 0.350 cm from the extrusion holes, into a pipe filled with water, where fibret is deposited. Fibreth is then collected and cleaned, then paper is prepared from it according to the same method used in Example 1, except for the fact that the material is boiled at atmospheric pressure, and the stage of homogenization is excluded. Froze All the steps from Example 2 are repeated, except that the fibret obtained by the twisting jet method is boiled at atmospheric pressure, and then the Gaulin homogenizer is sent, Example 4. . 2 except that the material produced by the spinning jet method is boiled under pressure and at 120, and then the gas is rectified using a Gaulin homogenizer. Samples of materials obtained in accordance with the methods of examples 2.2 and 4 are converted into sheet-like materials; results are given ov table. 3.., From the results given in table. 3, the following conclusion can be drawn: the boiling under pressure and homogenization stages provide a thinner material, which, in turn, gives a softer, more easily wrinkled sheet, which, in turn, has better tobacco smoke filtering techniques. at a given pressure drop. In order to determine the effect of the percentage of fibret; on the various characteristics of the sheet material obtained. by the proposed method, the sample of fibreta obtained by the twisting method of example 1 and the sample of fibreta obtained by the method of twisting page of example 4 is mixed with staple fiber and cellulose fibers in order to obtain a sheet-like material containing from 5 to 100% fibret. The data obtained are given in table. 4. As can be seen from Table 4, the data obtained show that the content of fibret has an effect on the strength of the sheet, when the content of the fibrous tissue is less than 30%, the change in its content does not have a significant effect on the filtration rate of tobacco smoke. If the content of fibreta is 30% or more, then the sheet strength is unnecessarily high, therefore the sheet wrinkling process is insufficient to obtain a structure suitable for making a good filter. Consequently, with an increase in the percentage of fibrets above 30, filtration rates of tobacco smoke continuously deteriorate. An increase in the holding of fibre leads to an increase in the weight of the filter, which would be undesirable from an economic point of view. With a low fiber content of 1ta, about 5%, the filtration rate of tobacco smoke is high; partly for the reason that staple fiber with a low value of denier per fiber is used, and also partly because it produces a wrinkled sheet of good quality. The strength of the sheet is very low and the material in this case is difficult to process when receiving both the sheet itself and the filter. Example 5. A 0.6 cm acetate cellulose staple with a denier per fiber of 3 was used, together with acetate cell fiber festo prepared according to Example 4. A sheet-like material was prepared from these fibers. A Fourdrinier laboratory setup is used to produce a 25 cm wide sheet having a sieve with a number of holes. At 1 cm 36 x 40 drying conditions are such that a non-satin sheet is obtained (the spray pressure on the drying rollers can be 10 psi; - 0.7 kg / cm2). The resulting sheet-like material is then used to make cigarette filters. research data are presented in table.5. Example To make a sheet-like material, cellulose acetate staple is used together with cellulose acetate bret made according to example 4. The concentration of staple fibers and fibret in the original sludge are reduced to 113 and 32 g per 427 l of water, respectively. For the manufacture of sheet-like material, a Fourdrinier laboratory setup, equipped with a sieve with a number of holes of 36x40 per 1 cm, results in a 25 cm wide sheet. cm ). The results obtained in the study of the material in accordance with this example are shown in Table 6. The data table. 5 and 6 indicate the fact that there is an optimal weight of the sheet going to make the filters, the optimum weight of the sheet-like material is in region r; from 26 to 36 g / m. It should also be noted that the optimal weight of the sheet will depend very much on other physical parameters of the sheet; In order to determine the effectiveness of the proposed cylindrical filters for cigarettes, produced from a sheet-like material, in comparison with the known cylindrical filters, the following sheet-like material is prepared. EXAMPLE 7 Repeats the method of Example 6 using a sufficient amount of fibret to prepare sheet-like material. containing 17.3% fibre, and its weight would be 26.8 g / m. Next, a sheet of wrinkle in the longitudinal direction and a cigarette filter are made from it. Then, the characteristics of the proposed filter are compared with known filters manufactured by industry. Obtained: data are presented in table. 7. As can be seen from the data given in Table. 7, wrinkled acetate sheet-like material has a much higher filtration rate of tobacco smoke than other structures and / is therefore a more preferred material. If, however, for some reason, for example, in accordance with the taste of the smoker, it is necessary to change the filter manufacturing technology or reduce its filtration performance, the sheet-like material can be cut into small pieces or punctured with a needle before making a filter out of it. For this, wood pulp can be stripped with cellulose fiber and cellulosic staple fiber and this mixture can be used to make the proposed sheet-like material. In order to prove the “lower reduction of 4 ml”, the sheet-like material prepared according to example 7 is punctured with a needle before preparing the filter and mixed with wood pulp. Recipient results are presented in Table. eight.
    The most preferred design for adjusting indicators
    Table 2 of the filtering efficiency of tobacco smoke, which is used to make the sheet material proposed, is the laying of wrinkled sheet-like material cellulose acetate tow before the manufacturing phase of cylindrical bars. However, in a preferred embodiment, the wrinkling step of the layered structure is used. If, for example, the wrinkled sheet-like material from Example 7 is placed on a cellulose acetate tow with a fiber denier of 3.3 and wrinkled at the same time (layers by weight are 50/50), a cigarette filter weighing 0.154 g, meaning the difference , 78 mm water pressure, has a filtration rate of tobacco smoke equal to 65.9%. The proposed filter improves smoke filtration efficiency. Table 1
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1.8 7.5118436,60 65.7 64.9
    3,09,0167. 6262,558.8 57.2;
    8.0 10.0204: 70-62,556.7 57.5
    The result is interpolated and extrapolated from data obtained with more EXL and Lower pressure drops.
    and 1 sheet strength is the result of drying a higher temperature and a vapor pressure of 2, 46 and 3.16 kg / cm
    Obtained on a manual plant for sheet production, the fibrete content is estimated based on the concentration of 4bret in the sludge and the retention on the grid of a particular species. Cellulose is mixed with staple fiber. Table
    Table
    Table 5
    Acetate nonwoven
    material is punctured
    a needle
    Shredded wrinkled nonwoven fabric into small pieces.
    Nonwoven fabric from ghetcheta and wood pulp (17.5%). with a denier / fiber of 1.8
    claims 1. A filter, preferably for tobacco products, consisting of ester-cell fiber material, characterized in that.
    T and C l and c and 6
    Table 8
    69.5
    126
    67.0
    138
    66.0
    147
    In order to improve the filtration efficiency of smoke, the filter additionally contains 65-9.5% of staple beads and fuels, the surface area of the cellulose ether fibrous material being 5-25 and the amount of 5-35%.
    [2]
    2. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the ether-cellulose fibrous material is selected from the group of substances comprising cellulose acetate acetate, cellulose acetate triacetate, cellulose acetate nitrate, benzoate cellulose, or a mixture thereof.
    h
    [3]
    3. Filter on pps1 and 2, characterized in that it consists of 10-25% ether cellulose fibrous fiber of that material and 75-90% staple ether cellulose fibers.
    [4]
    4. Filter in PP.1, 2 and 3, about t l and due to the fact that the thickness
    Fasting
    staple yarns are 1-8 denier, and its length is 3.2-16 mm.
    [5]
    5. A filter according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the surface area of the ethercellulose fibers is 12-25, diameter 0.5-50 microns, and length - 1-500 microns.
    [6]
    6. The filter according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the cellulose ether and cellulose ether staple fibers are arranged so that they form a sheet, the weight of a square meter of which is equal to 20-40 g
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. Patent of Great Britain 131811z, cl. And 24 С 5/50, published. 1973.
    shchtsht.
    Coagulating jffudffocmt
    3 rir14 (lpyo 6 / / nieta ffffmffluffjr (ipt / Spem)
    If 18 J9 20 11
    ltt ill 4f S
    10 12 13 It If
    (Plft.3
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT370293B|1983-03-10|
    FR2381853A1|1978-09-22|
    GB1562134A|1980-03-05|
    TR20555A|1981-11-05|
    IL53062A|1980-09-16|
    FR2381840A1|1978-09-22|
    LU78254A1|1978-01-26|
    ES467483A1|1978-10-16|
    IT1087755B|1985-06-04|
    DE2744796A1|1978-04-13|
    FR2381480A1|1978-09-22|
    BE859459A|1978-04-06|
    CA1076912A|1980-05-06|
    NO773391L|1978-04-07|
    SE7711170L|1978-04-07|
    BG28240A3|1980-03-25|
    PT67104A|1977-11-01|
    ATA713377A|1982-08-15|
    ZA775993B|1979-05-30|
    JPS5345468A|1978-04-24|
    PT67104B|1979-03-13|
    FR2367133B1|1982-03-26|
    FI772956A|1978-04-07|
    IN148341B|1981-01-24|
    FR2367133A1|1978-05-05|
    DK441177A|1978-04-07|
    GR66108B|1981-01-16|
    IL53062D0|1977-12-30|
    AU2929077A|1979-04-05|
    BR7706686A|1979-05-02|
    FR2381853B1|1982-04-02|
    NL7710795A|1978-04-10|
    AU514462B2|1981-02-12|
    NZ185357A|1980-05-08|
    引用文献:
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    JP3420359B2|1994-10-21|2003-06-23|ダイセル化学工業株式会社|Filter material for tobacco smoke, fibrous cellulose ester and method for producing the same|
    EP0709037B1|1994-10-31|2001-05-02|Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.|A tobacco filter material and a tobacco filter as produced using the same|
    JP3606950B2|1995-05-31|2005-01-05|ダイセル化学工業株式会社|Cigarette filter and manufacturing method thereof|
    JP3677332B2|1995-10-20|2005-07-27|ダイセル化学工業株式会社|Tobacco filter material and tobacco filter using the same|
    DE19753195A1|1997-11-21|1999-05-27|Reemtsma H F & Ph|Biologically decomposable filter for cigarettes|
    DE19951062C2|1999-10-22|2002-04-04|Rhodia Acetow Gmbh|A high performance cigarette filter|
    US20060021302A1|2004-07-30|2006-02-02|Bernard Bobby L|Anti-microbial air filter|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US73003976A| true| 1976-10-06|1976-10-06|
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